Chafer of meadow or negnuchnik is one of the most useful mushrooms used not only in cooking, but also in medicine, as well as cosmetology. Before you go to collect them, you should study the external characteristics in more detail. In addition, it does not hurt to learn to distinguish meadow honey agarics from false inedible doubles.

Description of meadow mushrooms

The mushroom in question is an edible variety.. At the same time, it is impossible to eat it without preliminary heat treatment. Otherwise, very severe intoxication is possible. Honey mushrooms are part of the Ryadovkov family. Glow in the dark. Mushrooms have an extremely high ability to regenerate. If you sprinkle a dry fruiting body with water, it will give new mushrooms. It was for this feature that he was nicknamed the neglector.

How do they look

Description of the mushrooms in question:

Where grow

Field wrap is common in Europe and Africa. The species in question does not grow on stumps, like most of its relatives. It grows in fields, meadows, where livestock is grazed, less often on the edges of the forest. Prefers free sites. A distinctive feature of these very mushrooms is that they grow only as a group, forming a ring with a diameter of about 80 cm or a long row.

Did you know? The most expensive mushrooms in the world are truffles. On average, for 1 g they pay from 3 to 7 $.

Worminess

Like most mushrooms, meadow mushrooms are affected by worms. Moreover, in the summer period, there are much more specimens affected by parasites. Partly a high percentage of worminess is due to the place of growth. Mostly in the meadows and fields where these fungi grow, there is a lot of organic matter (livestock excrement, etc. animals), which is a favorable environment for the multiplication of various bacteria and parasites.Mushroom mosquitoes and flies lay eggs on the surface of newly emerged fungi or in the upper layers of the soil. Hatching, the larvae begin to actively feed on the fruiting body. In the autumn period, wormy specimens practically do not occur, since parasites are already moving to the next stage of development (an adult individual) and eat completely different food.

When appear

Meadow honey agarics very quickly begin to appear in humid warm weather. Fruits from about the beginning - mid-May, depending on weather conditions. The fruiting period in November is ending.

Did you know? The largest living organism on the planet is the honey mushroom. The mycelium of this specimen covers 2,384 acres in the Blue Mountains mountain range in Oregon (USA), and its age is 2,500 years.

When to collect

Proceed to the collection of the considered mushrooms begin in late spring. You need to take only young specimens that have reached a height of about 6 cm. Old, overgrown and dried mushrooms should not be cut. The collection is best done with gloves. Mushrooms are cut with a sharp small knife under the root, but without damaging the mycelium.

False meadow mushrooms - dangerous doubles

Almost every representative of the mushroom kingdom has a double. This is a variety of mushrooms, similar in appearance to the original. Negniuchniki were no exception.

Doubles of the considered type:

• poisonous talker whitish;
• Collibia is loving.

Poisonous Whitish Talker

In diameter, the cap of this mushroom reaches 6 cm. First, it is hemispherical with a convex section in the center and straight edges bent down. A little later it becomes more like a plate, while in older specimens it becomes depressed. Color from buffy to grayish-brown or mealy. The surface of the hat in dry weather is silky to the touch, with an increase in humidity it is covered with a small amount of mucus.

Leg is 2 to 4 cm high and 0.4-0.6 cm in diameter. At the base, it is slightly narrowed. The shape can be straight or curved. In young specimens, the leg is solid, in old ones - hollow. It is painted in white or grayish tint. In places there are walnut spots.

Lamenophore. Plates up to 5 mm wide, descend to the peduncle, are often located. They are painted white, a little later they become grayish, and then sandy. The pulp is thin, its thickness reaches 3-4 mm. The structure is fibrous. Painted in white. Upon contact with air, a red tint immediately appears on the cut. The taste is practically absent, the aroma is powdery.

Important! If there are symptoms of mushroom poisoning, you must immediately call an ambulance. While waiting for doctors, you should drink a large amount of water, enterosorbent (best of all, “Enteros-gel” or “Activated Carbon”), and try to induce vomiting.

It grows in the same way as meadow mushroom, in open areas with a thick grassy cover. Begins to bear fruit in July, ends in November.

This false honey agaric is poisonous. It contains muscarine, a substance that causes severe intoxication. Fatal outcomes are rarely identified. Already after 20 minutes. after the consumption of such a fungus, pronounced symptoms of poisoning are observed:

• increased salivation;
• decreased heart rate;
• dyspnea;
• lowering blood pressure;
• severe diarrhea and vomiting.

The main difference by which one can identify true meadow mushrooms is aroma. It is pleasant, pronounced. In a poisonous talker, it is unpleasant, mealy with a touch of mold. In addition, if you look closely, the mushrooms differ in appearance. Especially the hymenophore: in edible honey agaric it is dull, in inedible honey agaric in bright shade, while in old specimens it generally acquires a dark, almost black color. If you cut the fruit body, then in a real meadow the pulp will not change color when it comes in contact with air.

Collibia woody

This representative also applies to neglects. It is edible, but requires preliminary heat treatment. Mushroom pickers rarely collect them, i.e. the variety is not distinguished by outstanding taste.

The hat in shape will look the same as that of a meadow honey fly. The diameter varies from 2 to 6 cm. The hat is painted in a reddish or reddish hue. In the central part, staining is brighter. The edge parts become almost transparent with age. Gymenophore - lamellar. The plates are loosely fixed. With age, the fungus becomes covered with rust spots on the outside and inside, and the translucent edges are torn.

The leg is thin, slightly curved, from 2 to 6 cm high, slightly thickened to the bottom. The color is the same as the hat. The flesh is lamellar in structure. It is painted in lemon or brown color, less often white. The slice practically does not change color upon contact with air. Aroma and taste are poorly expressed.

Colibians prefer to grow only in forests, mainly in conifers. On meadows and fields do not settle at all, so the species began to be called "forest-loving." They grow not only on soil, but also on trees. They can also parasitize on other types of mushrooms. Fruiting begins in May and continues until late autumn, almost until the first frost.

Important! If there are problems with the functionality of the gastrointestinal tract, severe pain, colic and nausea can be observed after eating a woody collibia.

Medicinal properties of autumn mushrooms

Negniuchniki have a lot of useful properties. Due to the presence of scorodonin and marasmic acid in the composition, the introduction of the product into the diet prevents the development of cancer. In addition, meadow honey agarics are a natural antiseptic that kills Staphylococcus aureus.

Polysaccharides are chemically isolated from the species of fungi under consideration, which are then used in the treatment of thyroid abnormalities. Lecithin is obtained in the same manner. It is used in rehabilitation therapy of the renal system. In eastern medicine, meadow honey agarics are used as an anticonvulsant element, to relieve muscle tone and eliminate pain in the legs.

Video: benefit and harm of honey agarics

Before proceeding to the collection of meadow mushrooms, you should learn to distinguish them from dangerous doubles. Negniuchniki are not only tasty, but also healthy. Introducing them into the diet will make it possible to diversify the menu, and will also be an excellent prevention of cancer and problems with the cardiovascular system.